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There are several resources that have been asked about on multiple occasions and we haven't really had a good definition to point you to. Well, not anymore. What I want to do with this blog is define what they are, what they do, and when they were added or removed.
I am only going to cover the in-box resource types that come with Failover Clustering. But first, I wanted to explain what a cluster "resource" and "resource types" are. Cluster resources are physical or logical entities, such as a file share, disk, or IP Address managed by the Cluster Service. The operating system does not distinguish between cluster and local resources. Resources may provide a service to clients or be an integral part of the cluster.
Examples of resources would be physical hardware devices such as disk drives, or logical items such as IP addresses, network names, applications, and services. They are the basic and smallest configurable unit managed by the Cluster Service.
A resource can only run on a single node in a cluster at a time. Cluster resource types are dynamic library plug-ins. These Resource DLLs are responsible for carrying out most operations on cluster resources. A resource DLL is characterized as follows:. When the Cluster service needs to perform an operation on a resource, it sends the request to the Resource Monitor assigned to the resource.
If the Resource Monitor does not have a DLL in its process that can handle that type of resource, it uses the registration information to load the DLL associated with the resource type. It then passes the Cluster service's request to one of the DLL's entry point functions.
The resource DLL handles the details of the operation so as to meet the specific needs of the resource. You can define your own resource types to provide customized support for cluster-unaware applications, enhanced support for cluster-aware applications, or specialized support for new kinds of devices.
For more information, see Creating Resource Types. All resource types that are available in a Failover Cluster can be seen by right-mouse clicking on the name of the Cluster, choosing Properties, and selecting the Resource Types tab shown below. You can also get a list from running the PowerShell command Get-ClusterResourceType.
Please keep in mind that all resource types may not show up or have access to. For example, if the Hyper-V role is not installed, the virtual machine resource types will not be available.
So enough about this, let's get to the resource types, when they were available and, for some, when they were last seen. Since there are multiple versions of Windows Clustering, this blog will only focus on the two latest versions Windows Server and dll : Cloud Witness is a quorum witness that leverages Microsoft Azure as the arbitration point. DFS Replicated Folder dfsrclus. dll : Manages a Distributed File System DFS replicated folder.
When creating a DFS, this resource type is configured to ensure proper replication occurs. For more information regarding this, please refer to the 3-part blog series on the topic. DHCP Service clnetres. dll : The DHCP Service resource type supports the Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol DHCP Service as a cluster resource. There can be only one instance of a resource of this type in the cluster that is, a cluster can support only one DHCP Service.
RFCs and define DHCP as an Internet Engineering Task Force IETF standard based on Bootstrap Protocol BOOTP , a protocol with which DHCP shares many implementation details. Disjoint IPv4 Address clusres. dll : IPv4 Resource type that can be used if setting up a site to site VPN Gateway. It can only be configured by PowerShell, not by the Failover Cluster Manager, the GUI tool on Windows Server. We added two IP addresses of this resource type, one for the internal network and one for the external network.
Disjoint IPv6 Address clusres. dll : IPv6 Resource type that can be used if setting up a site to site VPN Gateway. Ras Cluster Resource rasclusterres. dll : This resource object specifies where the site-to-site VPN configuration is stored. This resource type is only available after installing the VPN Roles in Windows Server. Distributed File System clusres2. dll : Manages a Distributed File System DFS as a cluster resource. Distributed Transaction Coordinator mtxclu.
dll : The Distributed Transaction Coordinator DTC resource type supports the Microsoft Distributed Transaction Coordinator MSDTC. MSDTC is a Windows service providing transaction infrastructure for distributed systems, such as SQL Server. In this case, a transaction means a general way of structuring the interactions between autonomous agents in a distributed system.
File Server clusres2. dll : Manages the shares that are created as highly available. A file share is a location on the network where clients connect to access data, including documents, programs, images, etc.
File Share Witness clusres. dll : A File Share Witness is a witness quorum resource and is simply a file share created on a completely separate server from the cluster for tie-breaker scenarios when quorum needs to be established. A File Share Witness does not store cluster configuration data like a disk. It does, however, contain information about which version of the cluster configuration database is most recent. Generic Application clusres2. dll : The Generic Application resource type manages cluster-unaware applications as cluster resources, as well as cluster-aware applications that are not associated with custom resource types.
The Generic Application resource DLL provides only very basic application control. For example, it checks for application failure by determining whether the application's process still exists and takes the application offline by terminating the process.
Generic Script clusres2. dll : The Generic Script resource type works in conjunction with a script that you must provide to manage an application or service as a highly available cluster resource. In effect, the Generic Script resource type allows you to script your own resource DLL.
For more information on how to use the Generic Script resource type, see Using the Generic Script Resource Type. Generic Service clusres2. dll : The Generic Service resource type manages services as cluster resources. Similar to the Generic Application resource type, the Generic Service resource type provides only the most basic functionality. For example, the failure of a Generic Service resource is determined by a query of the Service Control Manager SCM.
If the service is running, it is presumed to be online. To provide greater functionality, you can define a custom resource type for information, see Creating Resource Types. A generic service resource type is usually used to manage a stateless service as a cluster resource, which can be failed over.
However, generic services don't provide much state information other than their online state, so if they have an issue that doesn't cause the resource to go offline, it is more difficult to detect a service failure. Generic services should only be used when all of the following conditions are true; otherwise, you should create a resource DLL. Health Service healthres. dll : The Health Service constantly monitors your Storage Spaces Direct cluster to detect problems and generate "faults".
Through either Windows Admin Center or PowerShell, it displays any current faults, allowing you to easily verify the health of your deployment without looking at every entity or feature in turn. Faults are designed to be precise, easy to understand, and actionable. Each fault contains five important fields:. IP Address clusres. dll : The IP Address resource type is used to manage Internet Protocol IP network addresses. When an IP Address resource is included in a group with a Network Name resource, the group can be accessed by network clients as a failover cluster instance formerly known as a virtual server.
IPv6 Address clusres. dll : The IPv6 Address resource type is used to manage Internet Protocol version 6 IPv6 network addresses. When an IPv6 Address resource is included in a group with a Network Name resource, the group can be accessed by network clients as a failover cluster instance formerly known as a virtual server.
IPv6 Tunnel Address clusres2. dll : The IPv6 Tunnel Address resource type is used to manage Internet Protocol version 6 IPv6 network tunnel addresses. When an IPv6 Tunnel Address resource is included in a group with a Network Name resource, the group can be accessed by network clients as a failover cluster instance formerly known as a virtual server.
iSCSI Target Server wtclusres. dll : Creates a highly available ISCSI Target server for machines to connect to for drives. Microsoft iSNS isnsclusres.
dll : Manages an Internet Storage Name Service iSNS server. iSNS provides discovery services for Internet Small Computer System Interface ISCSI storage area networks.
iSNS processes registration requests, deregistration requests, and queries from iSNS clients. We would recommend not using this resource type moving forward as it is being removed from the product. MSMQ mqclus. dll : Message Queuing MSMQ technology enables applications running at different times to communicate across heterogeneous networks and systems that may be temporarily offline.
Applications send messages to queues and read messages from queues. MSMQTriggers mqtgclus.
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